Handicraft and Souvenirs of Bushehr Province

Carpet weaving
Carpet weaving with pure wool is popular in villages of Bushehr such as Shul and Deh Kohneh, Tang Eram and also villages around Poshtkuh.

Gabbeh weaving
Gabbeh is a kind of carpet and considered as the most prominent handicraft of Bushehr. Gabbeh weaving is popular in almost all villages and cities of the province. Gabbeh weavers do not use map for weaving they weave by conceptual designs in their minds. The common design among Gabbehs of this district is the tradition which had been made through thousands of years. Gabbeh designs are actually geometric patterns, bird, animal, and flowers paintings, striped patterns, or one to three Bergamot orange in its every corner.
Sometimes its central design divided into squares or paisley, like every traditional design. Bushehr Gabbeh is mostly 200 centimeters long and 100 centimeters wide. For each carpet, two weavers work 6 hours a day for a month. Gabbeh is usually weaved by colored wool and mohair.

Kilim weaving
Kilim weaving is more popular in Kangan County. Although its production is low, it is an important artistic handicraft of the province. It is weaved by mohair, which is stronger than others, and wool. They are 110×400 centimeters.

Felting
Felt is the most traditional handicraft of Bushehr Province. Barazjan was popular in felt production once and has lots of workshops. Felt is so popular among Nomads because it is light and absorbent. Nowadays felting is popular only in some desert villages which has lots of camels.

Mat Weaving
Mat is made by Palm stem and is popular in most of Bushehr cities which have palm trees. Mat is an important product of the province because of its economic benefits. It also had an economic boom in Persian Gulf Emirate Bazaar. There is a Mat Carpet named Tak with 10 centimeters wide and 30 meter long then it cut into pieces and is being woven together. Another kind of Mat Carpet is like Kilim which is made by a wheat stem. This carpet is 6 meters long and 75 meters wide which are cut by half at the end of weaving then the pieces weaved together again. It is something about a 3×1/5 meter long and wide carpet.

Suzani
In most villages of Kangan County Suzani is popular. It is used for embroidery on teapot, sugar bowl cloth and cushion and on bigger things like backrest, table cloth, or curtain. Besides Suzani, Applique is also popular. Suzani cloth is usually Calico and its yarn is colorful Demseh.

Espadrille making
It is the old handicraft of Barazjan village and used in warm weather.

Basket and hamper weaving
Both of them had been woven by palm stem and is used so much.

Broom making
It had been woven by palm stem and is used for washing.

Pottery making
Due to the importance of water in this district, making the equipment that keeps water cool is so popular from ancient times. This work of art is most popular in Kangan Port beside Ahrom and Barazjan. The pottery production is mostly urn, hookah, jar and etc.

Hookah (Chalim)
There is a special hookah in Bushehr Province which is made from pottery and its water is not seen. The most interesting point about this hookah is that none of its parts do match each other and should be held by hand. It is also called Chalim. This hookah is one of Bushehr Province handicrafts.

Musk
It is made from the animal’s skin and used as water storage.

Dulcheh
It is made of animal’s skin in a cone shape which has three wooden bases which are used for  keep water cool. It is most popular in Barazjan.

Dhow and Shipbuilding
Dhow and shipbuilding are among the oldest handicrafts of Bushehr Provinces. Its history related to the Afsharid Dynasty. The industry of shipbuilding has boomed a lot because of sea exchanges and fishing boom.
It is mostly done in Galafan. Its necessary equipment is hardwoods for the waterfront, Indian wood named Say and other things. Their equipment is so primitive which is produced annual because of its slow process.
It is popular in Bushehr, Rig Port, Ganaveh Port, Shif Port and etc.

Fishing net weaving
The fishing net is one of the important equipment for fishing. Unlike the shipbuilding industry, net weaving is not popular anymore and mechanical weaving got its position.

Masqati
It is a kind of sweet which is considered as the province souvenir.

 

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Geography Situation and County Subdivision of Ilam

Ilam area is about 19086 square kilometers, which is 4/1 percent of the entire country area. This province is located in west hills of Zagros Mounts between 31 degrees and 15-minute northern latitude of Equator and 45 degrees and 24 minutes to 48 degrees and 10-minute eastern latitude of Prime meridian in the western part of the country. Ilam is connected to Khuzestan from the south, Lorestan from east and Kermanshah from the north. It has 425-kilometers common border.
According to the last country subdivision in 1375, Ilam consists of seven Counties, seventeen villages, fifteen cities, thirty-six rural districts, and 753 villages.
Ilam counties are Abdanan, Ilam, Ivan, Darreh Shahr, Dehloran, Shirvan and Chardavol, and Mehran. The capital of the province is Ilam which named Arus Zagros (Zagros Bride) because of its beauty and eye-catching nature.

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Ilam Historical Geography

The province which named Ilam now was part of historical Ilam. This province was made 300 years BC and exist till 640 years BC. The province had been destroyed completely by Aahur Bani Pal Command. Some of its cities were; Shush (capital), Madakto (summertime capital), Ahavz, Khaydalu, Masabatic, and Kabyaneh.
In Babeli inscriptions, Ilam was called Alamato or Alam and means Mountains or sunrise country. After Ilam fall, it has been divided into two parts; Persian Government in East part and Medes in the west part. Achaemenid army should pay to highlanders to pass Zagros Road.
According to historians in Seleucid Empire Zagros People fight with foreigners. The historical monuments of the Sasanid Empire in Ilam and Lorestan indicates this district was so important once. Here are some of its cities; Masbandan, Mehrekan Kadak, Dar Shahr, Seymareh, Arikhun, and Shiravan. The exact place of some of these cities is not determined yet.
In the last Sasanid Empire, Firuzan Dynasty governs the province and Khuzestan. Its last commander was sent to Darolkhelafeh after being beaten in Jola war. After Iran conquest by Arabs, it was estimated that this district was part of Kufeh and some of its cities are Masbandan, Mehregan, Seymareh, and Marab.
Late in 4th centuries AH till early 6th Centuries, Hassanudieh Kord govern Lorestan and Ilam.
From 570 to 1006 AH, Atabakan Lor governs Lorestan and Poshtkuh. The last commander, Shahurdikhan, was killed by Safavid Shah Abbas and Hossein Khan Silvarzi, give the position of the lorestan commander to ancestors of Valian Abuqedareh. The dynasty moves their government to Poshtkuh (nowadays Ilam) and Qolamreza Khan Abuqedare commander after 1299 rebellion refuged to Iraq.
From 1309 SH, according to county subdivision, Ilam considered as the fifth province, Kermanshah. Then due to its political position become general governor and now is one of the important cities of the province.

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Shirvan and Chardavol County

Shirvan and Chardavol County

This county is among Ilam historical cities which belonged to the Sasanid Empire. Some of the monuments which are remained belonged to Sarab Kalan and Holeylan which are the historical castle, Sam Fire Temple, Tobreh Riz Hill (Sepa or Lolor Hill) and 160 hill and monuments orderly.
Shirvan was located in the north of Seymareh River and so many plaster and rocky monuments had been found there which belonged to Sasanian Empire.

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Abdanan County

Abdanan County

This county is located on the south hill of Kabir Kuh. This county has lots of mineral resources like petroleum, sulfur, jungles, agricultural and animal husbandry pastures. Its monuments all around the county declare its oldness and civilization. Gurgabran and Krodit Castle are some of its antique monuments. The county has lots of promenades.

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Ivan County

Ivan County

Ivan County is a new county in Ilam Province. It has a good situation for agriculture and animal husbandry. This county is located between Ilam to Islam Abad and Gilan Qarb. The nature of the county is so eye-catching and its monuments are evidence of its oldness and civilization. The people of the county are from Kalhar Tribe and talk in Kalhari Language.

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Doganeh Siah Gav Lake of Abdanan

Doganeh Siah Gav Lake of Abdanan

It is located 8 kilometers far from Sarab Garden of Abdanan. There are lots of high plains and mounts around the Lake. This lake is so incredible in spring and autumn. The rose gardens and wild birds around this lake attract so many visitors there.

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Ab Aseman Abad River of Ilam

Ab Aseman Abad River of Ilam

This river originated from springs near Aseman Abad Village, 35 kilometers far from northwest of Ilam and runs from Qelajeh and Kateh Pifak Mount to southeast. After passing, Aseman Abad Villages enters Piran Mount and joins Chenarch River in Kabud Village and shape Chardavol River. The river length is 50 kilometer and source height is 1400 meters. This river is so awesome and beautiful.

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Ab Aftab of Ilam

This river originated from Manasht, Qelarang, and Chamangir Mounts of Kabir Kuh Mount which is located 20 kilometers far from southeast of Ilam. After passing Mishkhas Village in the south of Ilam joins Kenjan Cham River. The river length is 45 kilometer, its height is 2200 meter, and its slope is 8/2percent.

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Pir Mohammad River of Mehran

Pir Mohammad River of Mehran

Pir Mohammad River which is also called Galan Pir Mohammad is made from Kal Kala and Palashk Ab 41 kilometer far from northeast of Mehran. It passes Zamieh Mounts in west and Balijan in the east, and make a high waterfall. Then join Gazah River in Pir Mohammad Village and called Rudgari. The river is 6 kilometers long and its source is 1000 meter and its slope is 2/5 percent.

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